Symptoms
The symptoms of PAH can be nonspecific and may include:
- Shortness of breath: especially during physical activity
- Fatigue: feeling tired or weak
- Chest pain: discomfort or pressure in the chest
- Dizziness or fainting: especially during physical exertion
- Swelling (edema): typically in the ankles and legs
These symptoms can worsen over time, and as the disease progresses, individuals with PAH may experience more severe complications, including right-sided heart failure.
It's important to note that while these factors may be associated with the development of PAH, not everyone with these symptoms will develop the condition. The pathophysiology of PAH involves changes in the blood vessels of the lungs, including increased vascular resistance and remodeling, leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure.
Given the complexity of PAH, a thorough evaluation by healthcare professionals is necessary to determine the underlying cause and to guide the appropriate management and treatment strategies for the affected individuals. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes for individuals with PAH.